Riveting means



Sept 1957 A. H. STERLING 2,805,588

RIVETI'NG MEANS K Filed April 21, 1954 ALBERT H. STERLING HIS AT'ILORNEYS RIVETING MEANS Albert H. Sterling, Dayton, Ohio Application April 21, 1954, Serial No. 424,595

1 Claim. (Cl. 78-17) This invention relates to means for riveting machine parts to a hub by an angular deflection process.

In riveting processes heretofore known for riveting a hub to a machine part with a conventional rivet peen, the material of the tenon wall being riveted is chopped and broken to fill the countersink of the part to which the hub is being attached. Thus the tenon of the hub is severely mauled and broken up, and the reamed dimension of the hole in the hub is destroyed. This hole must be reworked by being rereamed to proper dimension. Also, the mauled material is pushed out beyond the side of the part being riveted, making a grinding or lapping operation necessary after the parts are riveted together. In addition, a torque is set up in the parts when they are riveted together by the conventional riveting method, thus causing mislocation of the parts in relation to each other.

It is an object of the invention to provide a riveting tool for assembling a hub to a machine part by deflecting material into the countersink of the machine part and by the process avoid the above objections.

A further object of the invention is to provide. a means and process to deflect material of one part into a countersink of a hole in another part without distorting the dimensions of the parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide a means and process for deflecting the tenon of one part into a countersink of another part without setting up a torque in either or both parts.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention includes certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, a preferred form or embodiment of which appears in the accompanying drawings.

Of said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional View of the deflection riveting device, taken on line 1--1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the deflection riveting device.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing serrations in the countersink of a part to be riveted to a hub.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

General description The riveting process illustrated herein is distinguished from the conventional type of riveting by the term deflection riveting. The object of the novel process is to deflect the material on tenons, hubs, tubes, hollow studs, etc., by completely filling the countersink of the part to be riveted thereto with material without disturbing the dimensional characteristics of previously-reamed holes, and to do so Without the mauling and fracturing of the tenon material. No stock is removed from the tenon; the stock is simply pushed into the countersink.

The process is useful in deflecting soft, hardened, or even powdered metal parts.

In the [case of powdered'metal which is oil-impregnated, it is necessary that the surface pores be not closed. In conventional riveting, the diameters of the holes are nited States Patent ice distorted, making a second reaming operation necessary,- which closes the pores of the metal, thus destroying the usefulness of the bearing for lubricating purposes.

The process can also be used when it is desired to flare the end of a hollow member, without riveting it to a second member, since the novel device can be con-- trolled to form any desired flare thereon.

The device for carrying out the novel process consists of two parts, a peen and a deflecting part. end of the peen is provided with a cam end, which coacts with a cam on the deflecting part to expand the: deflecting part after it is moved tightly against the parts, thus holding them firmly in position before and during the deflection operation, to set up an ideal riveting condition.

Since the parts are held in firm relationship at the time of the riveting action, no torque is set up between the parts. This contributes to the accuracy of the finished product.

Absence of torque makes the use of a separate clamping device unnecessary during the riveting operation.

Detailed description The deflection riveting means includes an inner member 10 slidably mounted in an expandable hammer 11. The inner member 1% is provided with a dowel pin 12 extending through and into slots 13 in the hammer 11. The slots 13 permit relative movement between the member 10 and the hammer 11. The lower end of the inner member is ground in the shape of a cone 14, engaging a comically-shaped cam seat 15 formed in the bottom of the hammer 11. For best results, the angle of the cone 14 should be slightly smaller than the angle of the cam seat 15 in the hammer. A difference of about 30 minutes has been found satisfactory. The member It has a pilot nib 16 sliding in an opening in the hammer 11, by which the relative position of the member 10 and the hammer 11 is maintained.

The hammer 11 is partially split on two sides by slits 17, located degrees apart, and the slits terminate in enlarged holes 18, to permit the lower end of the hammer to be deflected.

Formed on the lower end of hammer H, at an angle of QO degrees from the slits 17, are two narrow peens 19. The peens extend inwardly and downwardly to form pilot extensions 26 for guiding the hammer into the holes 21 of the member 22 to be riveted. As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4, the hole 21 is in the hub of the member 22, riveted to an arm 23.

The assembled riveting means is mounted in a con-- vcntional riveting machine by means of a threaded end 2%- formed on the inner member it]; or, if the riveting machine is provided with a chuck, or collet, the end 24 can be constructed accordingly.

Operation After the assembled riveting means is mounted in a riveting machine, the parts 22 and 2.3 are positioned beneath the peen 19, and the machine operation is started. As is well known in riveting machines, the head is lowered and raised, then turned slightly in rapid successive operations. Lowering of the head'lower the riveting tool to enter the pilot 2% into the opening. When the peen 19 engages the hub 22, it is arrested, and, due to the slot 13, the inner member iii continues to be operated. Through cone 14 engaging surface 15', this continued movement expands the hammer to spread sidewise. This sidewise movement deflects a small section of the end of the hub into the countersink of the arm, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4. The lower end of the peen 19 holds the material being deflected in the confines of the countersink to cause the material to flow evenly into the countersink and pro The lower vide a flush surface at the line of juncture ,with the arm 23. This operation is repeated until the riveting machine rotates the head a complete 180 degrees rotation in small steps.

For added strength between ,thehub 22 and the arm 23, the countersink can be serrated by a plurality of grooves, or nicks 25,,and, when deflected, the material,

fills the groove to provide a stronger rivet for heavy-duty requirements.

While the form of mechanism shown and described herein is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understod that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form or embodiment disclosed herein, for it is susceptible of embodiment in various other forms.

What is claimed is:

Atoolifor fixing a hollow hub to a part when used with a riveting machine of the type capable of imparting rotating and reciprocating movement, comprising, in

combination, a plunger operable by the machine; an

expansible tubular hammer carried by the plunger for movement therewith and relative thereto; said hammer having swedging peens; each peen having a first surface to engage the inner periphery of the annular edge of a hollow hub and a second surface to upset the end portion of the hollow hub while the first surface is in engagement with said periphery, said tubular hammer including an inwardly projecting tapered cam seat therein, said plunger terminating in a conical surface adapted to bear against said cam seat, the angle of taper of the conical surface measured from the plunger, axis being slightly less than the angle of taper of the hammer cam seat whereby a preponderance of the machine force is directed axially of the hub via the plunger to cause the upsetting action while the hammer is expanded to cause expansion of the annular portion of the hub.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 40,967 Van Guspling Dec. 15, 1863 372,081 Nebergall Oct. 25, 1881 688,429 Monroe Dec. 10, 1901 1,049,173 Turek Dec. 31, 1912 1,115,612 Stillwell Nov. 3, 1914 1,306,982 Walsh June 17, 1919 1,969,777 Burke Aug. 14. 1934 2,445,357 Kersmo July 20, 1948 2,447,909 Hunziker Aug. 24, 1948 2,485,954 Burrell Oct. 25, 1949 2,620,013 1952 De Voss Dec. 2, 

